tictactoe_bot.go(檔案已創建)
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| 1 | + | package main | |
| 2 | + | ||
| 3 | + | import ( | |
| 4 | + | "fmt" | |
| 5 | + | "strconv" | |
| 6 | + | "strings" | |
| 7 | + | ) | |
| 8 | + | ||
| 9 | + | const ( | |
| 10 | + | cellEmpty = " " | |
| 11 | + | cellUser = "X" | |
| 12 | + | cellBot = "O" | |
| 13 | + | ) | |
| 14 | + | ||
| 15 | + | func boardToString(board [3][3]string) string { | |
| 16 | + | rowStrings := make([]string, len(board)+1) | |
| 17 | + | ||
| 18 | + | for i, row := range board { | |
| 19 | + | rowStrings[i+1] = strconv.Itoa(i) + " " + strings.Join(row[:], "|") | |
| 20 | + | } | |
| 21 | + | ||
| 22 | + | columnIndices := make([]string, 3) | |
| 23 | + | for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { | |
| 24 | + | columnIndices[i] = strconv.Itoa(i) | |
| 25 | + | } | |
| 26 | + | rowStrings[0] = "/ " + strings.Join(columnIndices, " ") | |
| 27 | + | ||
| 28 | + | return strings.Join(rowStrings, "\n") | |
| 29 | + | } | |
| 30 | + | ||
| 31 | + | func changeCellUserInput(board *[3][3]string) { | |
| 32 | + | var row *[3]string | |
| 33 | + | ||
| 34 | + | for { | |
| 35 | + | var rowIndex int | |
| 36 | + | fmt.Print("row: ") | |
| 37 | + | fmt.Scanln(&rowIndex) | |
| 38 | + | ||
| 39 | + | if 0 <= rowIndex && rowIndex < len(board) { | |
| 40 | + | row = &board[rowIndex] | |
| 41 | + | break | |
| 42 | + | } else { | |
| 43 | + | fmt.Println("The value needs to be in the range of the board rows.") | |
| 44 | + | continue | |
| 45 | + | } | |
| 46 | + | } | |
| 47 | + | ||
| 48 | + | for { | |
| 49 | + | var colIndex int | |
| 50 | + | fmt.Print("col: ") | |
| 51 | + | fmt.Scanln(&colIndex) | |
| 52 | + | ||
| 53 | + | if 0 <= colIndex && colIndex < len(row) { | |
| 54 | + | if row[colIndex] != " " { | |
| 55 | + | fmt.Println("This cell is already occupied.") | |
| 56 | + | defer changeCellUserInput(board) | |
| 57 | + | break | |
| 58 | + | } | |
| 59 | + | ||
| 60 | + | row[colIndex] = cellUser | |
| 61 | + | break | |
| 62 | + | } else { | |
| 63 | + | fmt.Println("The value needs to be in the range of the board columns.") | |
| 64 | + | continue | |
| 65 | + | } | |
| 66 | + | } | |
| 67 | + | } | |
| 68 | + | ||
| 69 | + | func getWinningCombinations(board *[3][3]string) [][3]*string { | |
| 70 | + | // there are 8 winning combinations in total | |
| 71 | + | winningCombinations := make([][3]*string, 8) | |
| 72 | + | ||
| 73 | + | // 3 row wins | 3 col wins | |
| 74 | + | for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { | |
| 75 | + | row := [3]*string{} | |
| 76 | + | col := [3]*string{} | |
| 77 | + | ||
| 78 | + | for j := 0; j < 3; j++ { | |
| 79 | + | row[j] = &board[i][j] | |
| 80 | + | col[j] = &board[j][i] | |
| 81 | + | } | |
| 82 | + | ||
| 83 | + | winningCombinations[i*2] = row | |
| 84 | + | winningCombinations[i*2+1] = col | |
| 85 | + | } | |
| 86 | + | ||
| 87 | + | // 2 vertical wins | |
| 88 | + | for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { | |
| 89 | + | winningCombinations[6][i] = &board[i][i] | |
| 90 | + | winningCombinations[7][i] = &board[i][2-i] | |
| 91 | + | } | |
| 92 | + | ||
| 93 | + | return winningCombinations | |
| 94 | + | } | |
| 95 | + | ||
| 96 | + | type combinationStat struct { | |
| 97 | + | totalCells int | |
| 98 | + | emptyCells int | |
| 99 | + | userCells int | |
| 100 | + | botCells int | |
| 101 | + | ||
| 102 | + | emptyCellRefs []*string | |
| 103 | + | } | |
| 104 | + | ||
| 105 | + | func calculateCombinationStats(combination [3]*string) combinationStat { | |
| 106 | + | c := combinationStat{} | |
| 107 | + | ||
| 108 | + | for _, cell := range combination { | |
| 109 | + | c.totalCells++ | |
| 110 | + | switch *cell { | |
| 111 | + | case cellEmpty: | |
| 112 | + | c.emptyCells++ | |
| 113 | + | c.emptyCellRefs = append(c.emptyCellRefs, cell) | |
| 114 | + | case cellBot: | |
| 115 | + | c.botCells++ | |
| 116 | + | case cellUser: | |
| 117 | + | c.userCells++ | |
| 118 | + | } | |
| 119 | + | } | |
| 120 | + | ||
| 121 | + | return c | |
| 122 | + | } | |
| 123 | + | ||
| 124 | + | func changeCellBotInput(board *[3][3]string, winningCombinations [][3]*string) { | |
| 125 | + | combinationStats := make([]combinationStat, len(winningCombinations)) | |
| 126 | + | for i, combination := range winningCombinations { | |
| 127 | + | combinationStats[i] = calculateCombinationStats(combination) | |
| 128 | + | } | |
| 129 | + | ||
| 130 | + | // check if bot could win on the next move | |
| 131 | + | for _, c := range combinationStats { | |
| 132 | + | if c.emptyCells == 1 && c.botCells == 2 { | |
| 133 | + | *c.emptyCellRefs[0] = cellBot | |
| 134 | + | return | |
| 135 | + | } | |
| 136 | + | } | |
| 137 | + | ||
| 138 | + | // check if user could win on the next move and prevent it | |
| 139 | + | for _, c := range combinationStats { | |
| 140 | + | if c.emptyCells == 1 && c.userCells == 2 { | |
| 141 | + | *c.emptyCellRefs[0] = cellBot | |
| 142 | + | return | |
| 143 | + | } | |
| 144 | + | } | |
| 145 | + | ||
| 146 | + | // now count the still possible wins each pointer has | |
| 147 | + | cellScores := make(map[*string]int) | |
| 148 | + | for _, c := range combinationStats { | |
| 149 | + | if c.userCells <= 0 { | |
| 150 | + | score := 1 + (c.totalCells - c.emptyCells) | |
| 151 | + | for _, emptyCell := range c.emptyCellRefs { | |
| 152 | + | cellScores[emptyCell] += score | |
| 153 | + | } | |
| 154 | + | } else { | |
| 155 | + | // initialize empty cells by adding nothing in case there is not further win option | |
| 156 | + | for _, emptyCell := range c.emptyCellRefs { | |
| 157 | + | cellScores[emptyCell] += 0 | |
| 158 | + | } | |
| 159 | + | } | |
| 160 | + | } | |
| 161 | + | ||
| 162 | + | bestCellScore := 0 | |
| 163 | + | var bestCell *string | |
| 164 | + | for cell, cellScore := range cellScores { | |
| 165 | + | if cellScore > bestCellScore { | |
| 166 | + | bestCellScore = cellScore | |
| 167 | + | bestCell = cell | |
| 168 | + | } | |
| 169 | + | } | |
| 170 | + | ||
| 171 | + | *bestCell = cellBot | |
| 172 | + | } | |
| 173 | + | ||
| 174 | + | type boardData struct { | |
| 175 | + | isWin bool | |
| 176 | + | isPat bool | |
| 177 | + | ||
| 178 | + | winningUser string | |
| 179 | + | } | |
| 180 | + | ||
| 181 | + | func analyzeWin(winningCombinations [][3]*string) boardData { | |
| 182 | + | b := boardData{} | |
| 183 | + | ||
| 184 | + | winnable := false | |
| 185 | + | for _, combination := range winningCombinations { | |
| 186 | + | c := calculateCombinationStats(combination) | |
| 187 | + | ||
| 188 | + | if c.botCells == 3 { | |
| 189 | + | b.isWin = true | |
| 190 | + | b.winningUser = cellBot | |
| 191 | + | return b | |
| 192 | + | } | |
| 193 | + | if c.userCells == 3 { | |
| 194 | + | b.isWin = true | |
| 195 | + | b.winningUser = cellUser | |
| 196 | + | return b | |
| 197 | + | } | |
| 198 | + | ||
| 199 | + | if c.botCells == 0 || c.userCells == 0 { | |
| 200 | + | winnable = true | |
| 201 | + | } | |
| 202 | + | } | |
| 203 | + | ||
| 204 | + | if !winnable { | |
| 205 | + | b.isPat = true | |
| 206 | + | } | |
| 207 | + | ||
| 208 | + | return b | |
| 209 | + | } | |
| 210 | + | ||
| 211 | + | func main() { | |
| 212 | + | board := [3][3]string{ | |
| 213 | + | {cellEmpty, cellEmpty, cellEmpty}, | |
| 214 | + | {cellEmpty, cellEmpty, cellEmpty}, | |
| 215 | + | {cellEmpty, cellEmpty, cellEmpty}, | |
| 216 | + | } | |
| 217 | + | winningCombinations := getWinningCombinations(&board) | |
| 218 | + | ||
| 219 | + | currentUser := 0 | |
| 220 | + | for { | |
| 221 | + | fmt.Println() | |
| 222 | + | fmt.Println(boardToString(board)) | |
| 223 | + | ||
| 224 | + | bd := analyzeWin(winningCombinations) | |
| 225 | + | if bd.isWin { | |
| 226 | + | fmt.Println() | |
| 227 | + | switch bd.winningUser { | |
| 228 | + | case cellBot: | |
| 229 | + | fmt.Println("THE BOT WINS!!") | |
| 230 | + | case cellUser: | |
| 231 | + | fmt.Println("CONGRATULATION, YOU WIN!!") | |
| 232 | + | } | |
| 233 | + | break | |
| 234 | + | } | |
| 235 | + | if bd.isPat { | |
| 236 | + | fmt.Println() | |
| 237 | + | fmt.Println("GAME OVER. NEITHER ONE WON") | |
| 238 | + | break | |
| 239 | + | } | |
| 240 | + | ||
| 241 | + | if currentUser == 0 { | |
| 242 | + | fmt.Println() | |
| 243 | + | fmt.Println("it's your turn human") | |
| 244 | + | changeCellUserInput(&board, cellUser) | |
| 245 | + | } else { | |
| 246 | + | changeCellBotInput(&board, winningCombinations) | |
| 247 | + | } | |
| 248 | + | ||
| 249 | + | currentUser = (currentUser + 1) % 2 | |
| 250 | + | } | |
| 251 | + | } | |
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